Corresponding Author: Taufik
Ismail
E-mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
The Social
and Environmental Responsibility Program is an act of the company's commitment
to contribute to sustainable development that has an economic, environmental,
and social impact.
PT Pertamina
Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek, which is an energy company that has a major
role in the distribution of fuel to various areas of Bekasi, Karawang,
Purwakarta, and Subang has a commitment to implementing Social and
Environmental Responsibility Programs implemented in various villages, one of
which is Walahar Village, Klari District, Karawang Regency.
(Hamdi, 2018) explains that corporate concern is part of corporate social
responsibility/CSR manifested in the company's commitment to account for the
impacts of business activities carried out in social, and environmental aspects
that are in line with the Triple Botton Line concept. In general,
corporate social responsibility. CSR is divided into two parts, namely within
the company itself (internal for example to employees and outside the external
company environment), for example providing employment to the community,
improving community welfare, and maintaining the environment for future
generations.
In 2020 PT
Pertamina Patraniaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek carried out a social mapping in
Walahar Village as a basis for assessment before the determination of the
village as a recipient of the Social and Environmental Responsibility Program.
Based on the results of the social mapping carried out, the impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic on the people of Walahar Village was quite large which
included unemployment due to job access and community capacity, the increase
due to layoffs (PHK), the decline of MSMEs due to the decline in the economic
activity of the community who previously had a lot of activities and Visiting
Walahar Village is good for activities as industrial/factory workers,
educational activities, and local/other regional tourists who visit for tours,
especially Sundanese culinary tourism in Walahar Village and environmental
problems such as the lack of waste management and cleanliness of the Citarum
River including its streams, one of which which is called the community as Lake
Kalimati. In the results of the social mapping of village potential, it was
found that Walahar Village, which is a village whose area operates various
industries, is included in a village located in a strategic area because it is
close to toll access, north coast roads, and main road access that connects
various villages, besides Walahar Village. has tourism potential with the
existence of Walahar Dam, which is a large historic dam, Citarum River,
Kalianti Lake, and the Pepesan Sunda Culinary Center.
Based on the
data from the social mapping on the aspects of problems and potential as well
as comparisons from various other data, a program involving the community and
various agencies involved was then set up which was then established a program
entitled the Walahar Creative Destination (Nawacita) Program. The Walahar
Creative Destination program combines the potential of human resources and
natural resources so that the existing potential can provide economic, social,
and environmental benefits.
In 2022 the
Walahar Creative Destination Program focuses on developing ecotourism potential
and environmentally friendly alternative energy potential through the
innovation of Revitalizing Lake Kalimati into Ecotourism and Environmentally
Friendly Energy Technology through solar panel system technology to produce
electrical energy and biodigester technology with water hyacinth as the main
raw material for waste. produce biogas. These innovations are realized to
increase the value of benefits of implementing the program economically,
socially, and environmentally. Through community-based ecotourism, all citizens
must jointly develop ecotourism by paying attention to environmental aspects.
With the opening of an ecotourism area, there needs to be a change in how to
manage an area that was once just an ordinary village into an ecotourism area (Hijriati & Mardiana, 2014). Therefore, residents use water hyacinth as biogas by residents
around the water hyacinth filled with water hyacinth considering the abundance
of water hyacinth and at the same time as an effort to preserve the ecosystem
in this water area. So, the local community will never run out of water
hyacinth, because this plant continues to grow. In addition, if the community
really uses water hyacinth for biogas, it means that the problem of water
hyacinth waste that accumulates along the water area will be resolved (Mulyati, 2015).
METHOD
The research
method used in this research is a descriptive research method with a
qualitative approach. The researcher uses a qualitative approach that aims to
find out the extent of the impact of program innovations implemented in the
Pesona Walahar Creative Destination Program. In addition, this qualitative
approach is more appropriate to use because more in-depth and detailed
information can be obtained regarding the impact of the innovation of
Revitalizing Danua Kalimati into Ecotourism and Environmentally Friendly Energy
Technology. The research technique used in this research is descriptive
qualitative with data collection techniques used are interviews,
non-participatory observations, literature studies, and documentation studies.
Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation (data
display), and concluding.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Walahar
Creative Destination Program which is a Social and Environmental Responsibility
Program implemented by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek in
Walahar Village, Klari District, Karawang Regency in 2022 is carried out with
social innovations Revitalizing Danua Kalimati into Ecotourism and
Environmentally Friendly Energy Technology through technology solar panel
system to produce electrical energy and biodigester technology with water
hyacinth as the main raw material to produce biogas.
A.
Social
Innovation �Revitalization of the Kalianti Lake into Ecotourism�
Kalimati Lake is a lake formed as a result of deep and extensive
excavations which are then drained by water sourced from the Citarum River in
the Walahar Village area. Kalyani Lake, which is estimated to have an area of
more than 10 hectares, contains unproductive lakeside lands and tends to be
used for inappropriate things, such as disposal of garbage, waste, and various
community activities that are less productive than the conditions in the lake
area. much covered by water hyacinth plants, thereby reducing the beauty of
Lake Kalimati. The naming of Kalianti Lake also sounds inaccurate because the
meaning of the word Kalimati tends to be connoted with the word not functioning
or the meaning of the word being interpreted worse. The potential of Lake
Kalimati that has not been utilized in the Walahar Creative Destination Program
was carried out by the social innovation of Revitalizing Lake Kalimati to be
used as an ecotourism place.
Revitalization is an effort to revitalize an area or part of a
city that was once vital/lived but then experienced a decline/degradation.
There is a scale of revitalization at the macro and micro levels (Purwantiasning, 2015). The process of revitalizing an area includes the improvement of
physical aspects, economic aspects, and social aspects. The revitalization
approach must be able to recognize and utilize the potential of the environment
(history, meaning, uniqueness of the location, and image of the place) (Yarangga et al., 2021). (Sembiring, 2017) explains that Revitalization itself is not something that is only
oriented to the completion of physical beauty, but must also be complemented by
improving the economy of the community and introducing the existing culture. To
carry out revitalization, community involvement is needed. The involvement in
question is not just participating in supporting aspects of formality that
require community participation, besides that the people involved are not only
the people in the environment, but the community in a broad sense. With the
support of a control mechanism, the revitalization plan must be able to raise
regional strategic issues, either in the form of socio-economic activities or
activities (Sonjaya et al., 2021).
The Walahar Creative Destination program carries out
revitalization innovations with the stages of potential analysis and
rebranding, group discussion forums with the community and related
agencies, licensing arrangements, training and development of management group
organizations, and development of ecotourism supporting infrastructure.
There are several stages in the process of developing social
innovation to achieve systemic change. Although it is possible that these
stages are not passed sequentially and even cross each other. This is highly
dependent on cultural differences and levels of capacity. (Farransahat et al., 2020)
i. Potential Analysis and Rebranding
Kalisti Lake has the potential to be enjoyed for its beauty, the
land area of the edge of the lake is used, and it is used as a water tourism
vehicle with the safety provisions of the rides being very carefully
considered. At the stage of measuring the potential of Lake Kalimati, it has
road access to a location that is already good and crowded, and even the Local
Government is being developed a new access road which in the future strongly
support access for tourists to visit. Measurement The potential for beauty and
a beautiful atmosphere in the observation has great potential if the lakeside
land revitalization and cleaning of the lake area are covered by water hyacinth
plants. In addition, based on visual observations through drones, Lake Kalimati
has a unique shape that is close to the shape of "Love" (symbol of
love). Based on the uniqueness of the shape, the name of Lake Kalimati was then
rebranded to become Lake of Love. The name Lake Cinta is very suitable to have
meaning and support as the naming of an attractive ecotourism place.
ii.
Forum Group
Discussion (FGD) and Coordination of Related Agencies
The involvement of the community and related agencies is very
important in the planning process, reducing the potential for conflict, and developing
the authority of each party in managing the potential of Lake Kalimati which
has been rebranded as Lake of Love. In this FGD and Coordination of Related
Agencies, the parties involved included Perum Jasa Tirta II, the Regional
Government of Karawang Regency represented by the Environment and Hygiene
Service, the Office of MSMEs and Cooperatives, as well as the Tourism and
Culture Office, the Citarum Harum Task Force, the Walahar Village Government
and equipment, Community Representatives, Several MSMEs who are actively
involved and PT Pertamina Patraniaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek.
The results in the FGD and Institutional Coordination include:
a.
The Lake
Cinta ecotourism management group has been formed, namely the Creative Walahar
Group which will then be determined through the Walahar Village Head's Decree
b.
It is
necessary to carry out a land use permit process for Perum Jasa Tirta II
c.
It is
necessary to create a legal entity established by the Decree of the Ministry of
Law and Human Rights
d.
Management of
environmental permits in the form of SPPL to the Department of Environment and
Cleanliness of Karawang Regency
e.
Management of
Proklim SK through the Department of Environment and Cleanliness of Karawang
Regency
f.
Management of
Pokdarwis SK through the Department of Tourism and Culture of Karawang Regency
g.
Planning for
the development of facilities and infrastructure that is beneficial to the
community and supports eco-tourism.
iii. Licensing
Based on the
results of the group discussion forum (FGD) and the coordination of relevant
agencies in security efforts in the implementation of ecotourism activities
based on legal certainty following applicable regulations issued by the
relevant agencies, including:
a.
Village Head
Decree dated September 14, 2021 No 412/Kep.023des/2021 Concerning the Decree on
the Determination of MSMEs to Manage Lake Cinta
b.
Decree of the
Ministry of Law and Human Rights AHU 0013446.AH.01.04. 2021 Concerning the
Ratification of the Pesona Walahar Creative Foundation and the Business
Identification Number (NIB) 1250000680741
c.
Land
Utilization Permit for Lake Cinta Ecotourism issued by Perum Jasa Tirta No
SPPL-06/GM2.DOP/TRM/07/2021
d.
SPPL
Environmental Permit Issued by the Department of Environment and Hygiene of
Karawang Regency Number 660.1/4261/TL Dated July 14, 2022
iv. Training and Coaching
Improvement
of soft skills and hard skills through training and coaching
needs to be done to the community in supporting sustainable development which
will have a broad impact on the community. The training and coaching that has
been carried out by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Cikampek in the
implementation of the Enchantment Walahar Creative Destination Program include:
a.
Coaching by
encouraging in dealing with the downturn in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
b.
�Coaching
through mentoring after group formation
c.
MSME
organizational and financial management training
d.
Product
innovation and product packaging training
e.
Product
photography and videography training and ecotourism marketing
f.
Training on
the use of social media platforms, especially Tiktok
g.
Canva
Business Model Training (MBC)
h.
Routine
coaching and mentoring events that are carried out every month
v.
Development
of Ecotourism Facilities and Infrastructure for Lake Cinta
The construction of facilities and infrastructure begins with the
cleaning of the land area on the outskirts of Lake Cinta. Cleaning takes a long
time due to the large piles of garbage that have been piling up on the land for
a long time, besides that, there are also many weeds and other pest plants.
After the lakeside area was cleared, the cleaning continued to the lake area
which had been filled with water hyacinth plants and various other garbage.
After clearing the land area around the lake and lake area, then
the construction of building infrastructure and arrangement of outdoor areas
that can be used as ecotourism places, MSME galleries and sales centers for
MSME products will be carried out, and culinary centers for job training
centers, MSME workshops, restaurants and cafes, mushroom and fish cultivation
agrotourism, become a place for developing artistic and cultural potential,
become a place for education on new and renewable energy (through the use of
environmentally friendly energy for its operational activities) and
environmental awareness education on climate village programs as well as a
place for historical introduction education (Ismail & Fedryansyah, 2022).
B. Social Innovation �Environmentally Friendly Energy Technology for
Independent MSMEs�
The use of new and renewable energy as alternative energy is
adjusted to the potential possessed by each region. Each region has different
potentials to be maximized such as the potential for sunlight, wind, water,
biomass, or other alternative energy sources that can reduce dependence on
fossil energy. The use of alternative energy is not only beneficial for the
direct use of energy as a source of electricity or biogas in economic
activities but also contributes to efforts to reduce global warming and
environmental damage.
The Pesona Walahar Creative Destination Program which is
implemented in Walahar Village, in its activities to improve the standard of
living of the community, commits to creating better environmental conditions,
one of which is the use of alternative energy as follows:
i. Alternative Energy from the Potential of Sunlight (Solar Panel)
The potential for alternative energy sourced from sunlight through
a solar panel system is very large, this is due to Indonesia's position in the
equatorial region which always gets sunlight every day in almost all of its
territory, including in Walahar Village, Kalari District, Karawang Regency.
The Pesona Walahar Creative Destination program implemented in
Walahar Village currently has installed a solar panel system with a capacity of
2.2 KWP or equivalent to 2,200 Watt which has been utilized at the Cinta Lake
ecotourism location for various activities that provide benefits and value to
improve people's living standards, save costs. PLN's electricity expenditure
per month is IDR 381,401 and contributes to the environment in the form of
reducing the impact of global warming, / reducing emissions of 2.82 TonCO2 . Besides that, the presence of
solar panels in the Lake Cinta ecotourism is used as an educational showcase
for the wider community regarding new and renewable energy.
(Ramadhan & Rangkuti, 2016) explains that energy needs are increasingly becoming the basic
needs of every human being. Humans require increasing amounts of energy for
industrial, commercial, domestic, agricultural, and transportation uses. The
current energy needs are mostly met by fossil fuel energy such as oil, coal,
and natural gas (Sulistiawati & Yuwono, 2019). However, the current supply of energy is decreasing. If not
immediately addressed, the possibility of an energy crisis is unavoidable. For
this reason, innovation regarding alternative energy, one alternative that can
be applied is innovation regarding solar cell technology that is sourced from
solar energy.
Solar energy has advantages compared to fossil energy, including
1. Easy source of energy 2. Environmentally friendly 3. Suitable for various
geographical conditions 4. Easy installation and operation 5. Electricity and
solar energy can be stored in batteries ( Nurlina & Rahmania, nd).
ii. Alternative Energy from the Utilization of Water Hyacinth Waste.
Walahar Village where the Walahar Creative Destination Program is
being held has a geographical area whose village area is located on the Citarum
River. The Citarum River in the Walahar Village area is greatly enjoyed,
especially with the Walahar Dam which is the gate for the management of the
Citarum River in the Walahar area (Yusuf, 2014).
The Citarum River is a large river that has a high pollution
problem (Paramita & Ningrum, 2020). The President through Presidential Regulation No. 15 of 2018
concerning the Acceleration of Pollution Control and Damage to the Citarum
River Basin invites all elements of society to work together in dealing with
Citarum River problems (Halimah et al., 2020). One of the problems is the large and very fast growth of water
hyacinth plants which causes the closure of the water surface area, siltation,
obstruction of water flow, and various other problems that arise as a result of
water hyacinth plants (Mayalanda et al., 2014).
The existence of the water hyacinth problem in the Citarum River,
especially in the Walahar Village area, encourages innovation in the Pesona
Walahar Creative Destination Program by utilizing water hyacinth waste as the
main raw material for alternative energy which is processed by the
mechanization of the biodigester system so that it can produce energy in the
form of biogas that can light a fire. for MSME production activities whose workshops
are located in the Cinta Lake ecotourism area. Biogas produced from a
biodigester mechanization system with water hyacinth as raw material at a 4 m3
fix dome installation located in Cinta Lake, produces around 1,600 liters
of biogas which is converted from the main composition of 50 kg of water
hyacinth waste which is filled every day into the fixed dome through the biogas
installation inlet. . A total of 1600 liters of biogas
can ignite one stove for 8 hours. The impact of the benefits of biogas, which
is the main raw material for water hyacinth waste, is economically able to save
more than Rp. 575,000 per month on gas needs and environmentally able to
contribute to the handling of water hyacinth waste of more than 18 tons per
year.
CONCLUSION
Social
innovations for Revitalizing Lake Kalimati to Become Ecotourism and
Environmentally Friendly Energy Technology for Independent MSMEs in the form of
a solar panel system to generate electrical energy and a biodigester system
using water hyacinth as the main raw material for biogas, which was implemented
in the Pesona Walahar Creative Destination Program by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga
Fuel Terminal Cikampek goes through the stages of the process that has been
adapted to the norms that apply in the Walahar Village community, legal
regulations, and stages that increase the capacity of the community in soft
skills and hard skills through various training and coaching. The
appropriate process stages make the application of these social innovations to
the community easy to accept and apply so that the benefits generated can be
felt directly, both economically, socially, and environmentally. As a
suggestion, it is necessary to duplicate social innovations, especially in the
aspect of using environmentally friendly energy technology by utilizing water
hyacinth waste which is the main raw material for the biodigester system that
produces biogas because the amount of water hyacinth waste is very abundant in
the Citarum River in the Walahar area and it is very easy to apply the system
with simpler and more affordable installation equipment.
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Received: 03-09-2022 ������������������ ������������� Accepted: 06-10-2022��������������������� ����������� Published: 11-10-2022������ 