Corresponding Author: Titiek Masdini Agustriana
Email: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
The rapid development
of the times requires technology to produce goods or services more effectively
and efficiently (Niu
et al., 2023). Information
technology has become a necessity and obligation for a company today because it
can help operational activities be more effective and efficient, and
information needs or employee tasks can be made available anytime and anywhere
in a more up-to-date manner (Rianti,
2021).
One company that applies information
technology is PT. Indonesian Railways. Based on the education and training
materials for train travel regulators (2019), PT provides several basic company
applications online.KAI to help carry out employee work more optimally, such as
E-office, Email, and RDS (Rail Document System) (Ismail
& Lawanda, 2020). �Some
of these applications can be accessed using the company's communication device,
namely a computer or personal communication device, namely the mobile phone of
each employee.
The use of mobile phones has positive and
negative impacts (Rezki,
2023). The positive impact of using a mobile
phone is that it makes it easier to access or disseminate information through
its exclusive application features, can store a lot of data, and is a means of
entertainment in spare time or too late (Fauzi et
al., 2023). On the other hand, the use of mobile
phones also has a negative impact, namely it can make users forget the time,
reduce rest time, increase the burden and cost of daily living, create an
individualistic life and from a psychological perspective, its use will trigger
stress and increase anxiety due to cellphone dependence (Ataei
& Abdollahi, 2023).
One example of an incident from the
negative impact of using a mobile phone is making an evil train travel
controller negligent in serving train travel matters (Alexander,
2019). As a result of the officer's negligence,
there was a collision accident between the Long Chain Coal trains (Babaranjang)
at the Penanggiran Station in the Regional Division III Palembang, South
Sumatra on December 11, 2021 (Arifin,
2021).
According to the results of the author's
initial interview with the four train travel controllers at Madiun Station in
March 2022, this incident was the background to the decision of the Director of
Operations (D2) of PT. KAI to issue a policy prohibiting the use of mobile
phones when carrying out train service and shunting to all officers operating
railroad infrastructure throughout Java and Sumatra in Warta DinasO/153.
Operations officers referred to in Warta Service O/153, consist of train crew,
train travel control officers, platform supervisors, crossing guard officers,
signal house officers, and shunting officers
Madiun Station is a sizeable class-A
station managed by PT. The Indonesian Railways Operations Area (DAOP) VII in
Madiun Lor Subdistrict, Manguharjo District, Madiun City, is responsible for
implementing a policy prohibiting the use of mobile phones, referring to the
official bulletin O/153. The implementation of the ban on the use of mobile
phones at Madiun Station lasted for 8 hours, according to the working hours of
operating officers. In the work schedule, operating officers are divided into
three daily shifts: the morning shift at 07.00-15.00, the afternoon shift at
15.00-23.00, and the night shift at 23.00-07.00.
However, based on
the author's observations during the implementation of the O/153 official
bulletin at the Madiun station, he found that the operations officers could
have improved several things. These problems include:
1) Limited
coordination of work between train travel control officers (PPKA) and track
inspection officers (PPJ) when emergency conditions occur on the track, which
can endanger train travel, such as landslides, floods, broken rails, or damage
to other lines, but the position of the disturbance is in outside the territory of the railroad
travel officer. According to the official graph of the inspector for the resort
area route 7.7 Madiun (2021), the inspection area for the inspector for the
Madiun route is divided into two, namely 5,717 km from the direction of Km 171
+ 500 (Magetan Station Post) to Madiun Station and 7,965 km from the direction
of Babadan Station to Madison Station. Meanwhile, the handy talky type Motorola
CP 1660, used by inspectors for the Madiun resort route, can reach a limited talk
distance of 2 km in urban areas (Karyono, 2021). As a result, the handy talky work
communication tool owned by the track inspector could not reach the train
travel control officer.
2) According to the
Head of Madiun Station, the following problem with implementing the O/153 news
policy when visiting the office of the train travel control officer on
(10/03/2022) is the phenomenon of operations staff who try to violate the
policy. This violation is like secretly carrying two cellphones, isolating
oneself from the Local Control Panel (LCP) service desk to activate other
cellphones to play music or communicate with relatives.
3) Furthermore, there
are symptoms of stress, anxiety, and anxiety experienced by operating personnel
during the implementation of official news O/153 (Amilia
& Nugrohoseno, 2014). These symptoms indicate the
existence of Nomophobia (No Mobile Phone), a discomfort, anxiety, or sadness
that occurs when a person cannot relate or is kept away from using a cell phone
(Fathoni
& Asiyah, 2021). This is shown by the
statement obtained by the author from the results of initial interviews with
several operations officers regarding the respondent's statement during the
implementation of the O/153 official bulletin as follows.
Table 1.
Statement of Operations Officer Regarding the Implementation of WAD O/153
|
Statement
|
Respondents, Time of Interview
|
|
"Individually, each officer feels
bored, bored, and stressed."
|
(PPKA R, 14
March 2022) *)
|
|
"Cell phones for PPKA work
communication tools while on duty are minimal
once because it's not the main
work communication tool, but the presence of O/153 impacts the psyche of
officers, namely boredom. So, this keeps us quiet
bring a cell phone, and blank."
|
(PPKA Y, 13
May 2022)
*)
|
|
"Personally, if we have
something urgent that happens at home, we cannot communicate, and it makes us
easy to
fall asleep."
|
(PPKA W, 09
April 2022)
*)
|
|
"Influences focus when it's
not their order activity slim or loose."
|
(PJL WR, 08
March 2022) *)
|
|
"JPL in the road plots far
from the station will feel confused if an emergency occurs, but the handy
talkies cannot communicate with the train travel control officer at the
nearest station. It also makes PJL fall asleep easily due to using mobile
phones in the past as
entertainment."
|
(PJL ������ C,30
March 2022).*)
|
A gap occurs during the implementation of
the O/153 official bulletin in the field, so the purpose of this study is to
identify and analyze the relationship between the implementation of the O/153
official bulletin and the performance of operational officers at the Madiun
station.
METHODS
Located on Jalan Kompol Sunaryo, Madiun Lor, City of Madiun, the large
class A Madiun Station is limited by the travel security area at Km. 162+938
(towards Babadan) and Km. 167+906 (Maetan direction) equipped with Electrical
Signaling Equipment. The condition track at Madiun Station uses a double track
with a total of eight lines, including lines I, II, and III, equipped with
platforms for train services, getting on and off passengers, loading and
unloading goods, or can also be used for shunting purposes, lines IV and V for
storing facilities. Lanes 6, 7, and 8 are explicitly used for shunting
purposes; according to the list of travel times for Madiun Station trains,
there are 58 passenger and freight train trips at Madiun Station (7, 2019). The research instruments used by the
authors in this study were interviews
and questionnaires. The population is a generalization area consisting of
subjects and objects with specific characteristics that researchers carry out.
At the same time, the sample is part of the population (Sugiyono, 2019). In taking the sample, the total sampling technique was used.
According to (Sugiyono, 2019), total sampling is also known as a census, which means that the determination of
the sample uses all members of the population because the population is relatively
small, less than 30 people. The analysis techniques used in this research are
the validity, Spearman rank, and hypothesis tests.
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Validity test
The validity test
compares the value of Pearson's Product Moment Correlation (the result of
calculating the correlation between the statement item scores and the total
score), referred to as r count, with r table values (Susanti & Wahyuni, 2017).
Table 2. Validity Test
Results
|
Variable
|
R count
|
R table
|
Information
|
|
X1
|
0.608
|
0.3809
|
Valid
|
|
X2
|
0.430
|
|
X3
|
0.592
|
|
X4
|
0.705
|
|
X5
|
0.832
|
|
X6
|
0.862
|
|
X7
|
0.852
|
|
X8
|
0.850
|
|
X9
|
0.850
|
|
X10
|
0.712
|
|
Y1
|
0.775
|
|
Y2
|
0.591
|
|
Y3
|
0.802
|
|
Y4
|
0.596
|
|
Y5
|
0.588
|
|
Y6
|
0.504
|
|
Y7
|
0.558
|
|
Y8
|
0.737
|
|
Y9
|
0.820
|
From the results of the comparison between the recount and table in the
table above, it can be seen that all statement items for the implementation of
official news item O/153 and performance variables have rcount > rtable, so
that statement items can be declared valid and can be used to carry out variable
measurements.
Reliability Test
The basis for decision-making is seen from the acquisition of Cronbach's
Alpha values. All statements in the questionnaire are declared reliable if they
get a value of more than 0.7 (Periantalo,
2016). The following are the results of the
reliability test that has been carried out.
Table 4. Reliability Test Results
|
Variable
|
Cronbach's Alpha
|
N of Items
|
|
Implementation News
Service O/153
|
0, 899
|
10
|
|
Performance Officer
Operation
|
0.844
|
9
|
Based on the reliability test results in Table 4 above, the value of
Cronbach's alpha from the variable implementation of news service O/153 and the
operational staff performance variable is more significant than 0.7. Thus, the
variable implementation of O/153 official news and the performance of operating
officers is reliable.
Data Analysis Method
Data analysis used the Spearman rank correlation analysis method (Latief, 2017). The steps taken in the
Spearman rank correlation analysis process are as follows: First, the authors
determine the research hypothesis. The hypotheses proposed by the author are:
Alternative hypothesis (Ha) indicates a relationship between the implementation
of official bulletins O/153 and the performance of operational staff at Madiun
Station, and the null hypothesis (Ho) indicates that there is no relationship
between the implementation of official bulletin O/153 and officer performance
operation at Madiun Station.
Next, the author determines the data ranking of each answer from the
statement item related to the implementation variable O/153 wara and the
statement item related to the performance variable (Y). This ranking is sorted
from the most significant value to the most minor (from ranks 1 � 27). If there
are the same values in this ranking process, the rankings with the same values
are divided by the number of acquisitions of the same value.
The ranking results are used to find the value of bi, namely, the difference
in ranking between the data pairs. The known value of bi is then raised to a
power. After the value of b 2 is known, the formula that has been obtained is
entered into the Spearman rank correlation formula to find the value of the
correlation coefficient (ρ). The results of calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficient are
then interpreted.
Results of the Relationship between the Implementation of
O/153 Service Warta and the Performance of Operations Officers
Spearman Rank Correlation Test
From the calculation of the Spearman rank correlation test, which was
carried out manually and using the SPSS program, the results are presented in
the table as follows:
By
Manually
Table 5. Auxiliary Table for Calculating Spearman Rank Correlation
|
(X)
|
(Y)
|
rank (Xᵢ)
|
rank (Yᵢ)
|
(Xᵢ-Yᵢ)
bᵢ
|
bᵢ�
|
|
24
|
28
|
26
|
19.5
|
6.5
|
42.25
|
|
33
|
33
|
7.5
|
7.5
|
0
|
0
|
|
27
|
27
|
23
|
24
|
-1
|
1
|
|
36
|
30
|
4
|
13.5
|
-9.5
|
90.25
|
|
25
|
27
|
25
|
24
|
1
|
1
|
|
36
|
35
|
4
|
1.5
|
2.5
|
6.25
|
|
28
|
29
|
19.5
|
17
|
2.5
|
6.25
|
|
30
|
30
|
14.5
|
13.5
|
1
|
1
|
|
22
|
34
|
27
|
4
|
23
|
529
|
|
29
|
27
|
17
|
24
|
-7
|
49
|
|
28
|
28
|
19.5
|
19.5
|
0
|
0
|
|
27
|
33
|
23
|
7.5
|
15.5
|
240.25
|
|
32
|
27
|
9.5
|
24
|
-14.5
|
210.25
|
|
35
|
33
|
6
|
7.5
|
-1.5
|
2.25
|
|
31
|
29
|
11.5
|
17
|
-5.5
|
30.25
|
|
28
|
27
|
19.5
|
24
|
-4.5
|
20.25
|
|
33
|
30
|
7.5
|
13.5
|
-6
|
36
|
|
28
|
27
|
19.5
|
24
|
-4.5
|
20.25
|
|
27
|
29
|
23
|
17
|
6
|
36
|
|
39
|
31
|
2
|
11
|
-9
|
81
|
|
30
|
27
|
14.5
|
24
|
-9.5
|
90.25
|
|
36
|
30
|
4
|
13.5
|
-9.5
|
90.25
|
|
40
|
34
|
1
|
4
|
-3
|
9
|
|
30
|
35
|
14.5
|
1.5
|
13
|
169
|
|
31
|
33
|
11.5
|
7.5
|
4
|
16
|
|
32
|
34
|
9.5
|
4
|
5.5
|
30.25
|
|
30
|
32
|
14.5
|
10
|
4.5
|
20.25
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
∑bᵢ�
|
1827.5
|
From the
calculation results of Spearman's rank correlation analysis above, it is known
that the correlation coefficient is 0.432.
By Using SPSS v.25
Table 6. Results of the Spearman Rank
Correlation Test with the Help of the SPSS Tool
|
Correlation
|
|
|
|
|
WAD
0/153
|
Performance
|
|
Spearman's rho
|
Implementation
�Service
News O/153
|
Correlation
Coefficient
|
1,000
|
.432 *
|
|
|
|
Sig. (2-tailed)
|
.
|
024
|
|
|
Performance
|
N
|
27
|
27
|
|
|
|
Correlation
Coefficient
|
.432 *
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
Sig. (2-tailed)
|
024
|
.
|
|
|
|
N
|
27
|
27
|
a. Significance
Based on the data output above, a significance
value (2-tailed) of 0.024 is obtained. ≤ 0.05, meaning there is a
significant relationship between the implementation of official bulletins O/153
and the performance of operations officers.
b. Relationship Type
Direction
The correlation coefficient of 0.432 is positive,
meaning a unidirectional relationship exists between variables.
c. Relationship
strength level
The correlation coefficient value of 0.432 is
included in the moderate, strong relationship, which is in the range of 0.400 �
0.599
Hypothesis Test
Proving the hypothesis is carried out by comparing the calculated rho
value with the table rho. The rho table value for n = 27 with an error level of
5% is 0.3845. Meanwhile, the calculated rho value for the variable
implementation of news service O/153 with the performance variable is 0.432.
Based on the table, the results of calculating the Spearman rank
correlation are 0.432 with a significance value of 0.024 <0.05. In line with
this output, the results of calculating the hypothesis testing show that the
calculation of the rho table is 0.3845 <the calculated rho value is 0.432.
On the criteria for making a hypothetical decision, rho count > rho table,
there is a significant relationship between the variables of the implementation
of new service O/153 and the performance of operating officers.
CONCLUSION
Based on the
results of the table, it is known that the rank Spearman correlation
coefficient is 0.43 with a significance value of 0.024. The results of the
Spearman rank correlation coefficient are 0.432, indicating that the level of
relationship between the implementation of news service O/153 and the
performance of operations officers at Madiun Station is in the medium category.
The significance value is 0.024 <0.05 indicates a significant relationship
between the implementation of the O/153 official bulletin and the performance
of operations officers. The moderate relationship strength level of 0.432
indicates a possibility. The meaning of possibility means that there may still
be operations officers at Madiun Station who perceive that they are able
(willing and able) to comply with all the provisions in the official bulletin
O/153 properly but have low performance at work.
On the other
hand, there are still operations officers at Madiun Station who perceive that
they need help to comply with all the provisions in the O/153 official bulletin
properly but have high performance in their jobs. The magnitude of the
correlation coefficient of 0.432 also indicates that the implementation
variable of the O/153 official report will be predictable or explained by the
performance variable without an error of 43%. The remaining 57% allows for
other factors that have a relationship with the implementation of the O/153
official report, for example, social control or the loyalty of operating
personnel.
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