TRANSFORMING SOCIAL
BEHAVIOR IN SOCIETY THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LITERACY
Edmundus B. Ngenget �
Universitas Nusantara Manado
Received:
25-06-2022�������������������� ��������������� Accepted: 03-07-2022���������������������� ��������������� Published: 23-07-2022������
ABSTRACT
Globalization
is a necessity that cannot be avoided, as well as the rapid flow of technology.
So, people must be able to react wisely. This is because, if people are not
digital literate and blind to digital literacy, the easy situation will
actually become a boomerang for themselves and others, such as the occurrence
of various crime cases in online and offline media. Digital literacy is
predicted to be able to overcome problems regarding various ignorance in
utilizing digital which of course affects various aspects. For this reason, the
researcher wants to find out more about the transformation of social behavior
in society through digital implementation. The method used is descriptive quantitative
by selecting respondents through purpose sampling which is adjusted to the
research objectives, then the process of obtaining data using surveys which are
distributed to all respondents. In addition to surveys, observation and
interviews are also used to increase the validity of the research results. The
results of the study show that the transformation of social behavior goes from
bad to better which is seen from the mindset and culture and then forms social
behavior in the community that seems to have changed. Where they can think more
critically, improve the quality of culture and not be careless when they
behave, they also help to harmonize society through the social behavior
displayed.
Keyword: Transformation,
Social Behavior, and Digital Literacy.
Corresponding Author: Edmundus B. Ngenget
E-mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
Globalization is a current that has been going on for
a long time in the world (Ginting et al., 2021), one of which is through the increasingly rapid
development of information technology (Arianto, 2021) so that various tools appear that can accelerate the
delivery of information from one country to another countries. The acceleration
controlled by the internet is one of the characteristics of the industrial
revolution (Dinata, 2021) which is widely used by mankind to fulfill their
needs. Unfortunately, the speed of this technology is not always put to good
use, sometimes there are some parties who use it for wrong personal interests.
Increasingly massive social media users where 85% of
the Indonesian population have joined (Silvana &
Darmawan, 2018) which proves that the IT capabilities of the
Indonesian people, both young and old, have begun to spread to competent
abilities. So, it is not surprising that various foreign cultures can enter
easily and quickly in Indonesian society.
This is evidenced by the existence of several cases,
such as divorce, theft, robbery, promiscuity, drug use and so on, where all of
these things are easy to find, accessed and even done through social media or
internet networks that are so broad and easy to use (Rusdy, 2021).
This is an indication that various social behaviors
that change in society are the result of undirected technological developments,
so that many people have not been able to respond wisely. Like the case of
cyber bullying which is often found on social media where the victims have a
trauma effect in the real world even though it is done through cyberspace even
the perpetrators do not know the victim directly.
It doesn't stop here, with the internet, it is
expected to be able to improve students' understanding of learning,
unfortunately it is used to find exact answers without using a long process so
that many students only know without understanding the process of finding out
and underestimating the learning process that should be done carefully, in
other words the internet is one thing that is used for everything (Savitri, 2019).
Technological developments also have an impact on the
process of social interaction that occurs in society so that it is able to
change social behavior, both from children and even adults. The family as the
first educational institution to shape children's social behavior (Makagingge et al.,
2019) is often indifferent, so that children's social behavior becomes distorted
and carried over to adulthood.
Therefore, the ability to use digital or what is
commonly referred to as digital literacy (Muslimin & Idul,
2020) is important to form a society that is literate towards the correct use of
digital (Fitriyani &
Nugroho, 2022), given the increasing internet users in the community (Muhtar Mochamad Solihin, 2021).
The correct use of technology will certainly have a
big impact on the community so that they are able to lead a better life with
such a fast flow of information (Anggraini &
Supriyanto, 2019). The other is social behavior that cannot be avoided
by human beings as a zoon politicon.
Moreover, we already know that there are many people
who have not been able to filter information properly so that hoax news is used
as a reference in making decisions (Nurhayati & Falah,
2020), the mixing of cultures is rampant without filtering which ones are
suitable with Indonesian culture, and so on that can cause discomfort in
interacting with each other. This can trigger conflicts such as civil wars,
conflicts between groups, and various other things that endanger oneself,
others, the state, and religion.
Once the dangers of the influence of technology
without being accompanied by awareness when using it, then the implementation
of digital litteration is crucial. Therefore,
researchers want to find out more about the transformation of social behavior
in society through the implementation of digital literacy. The purpose of this
study is to determine the changes in social behavior that occur in the
community after digital literacy is implemented so that it can be used as a
reference for the government in making policies as well as a source of thought
for future research.
METHOD
This study uses a
descriptive quantitative type through survey methods in the data collection
process as well as through observation and interviews to obtain valid data.
Descriptive
quantitative is a type of research by presenting various facts through numbers
which will then be explained with descriptions so that readers can understand
them more easily (Salim, 2019).
The selection of
respondents used sampling purposes, namely how to select respondents in
accordance with the research objectives. The respondents that the researchers
used were 20 people and spread across various regions of Indonesia. After the
data is obtained, it will be processed with sharp analysis and then submitted
in the form of a report.
Analysis of survey
results using the following Likert scale:
Table 1. Likert scale
No |
Symbol |
Information |
Score |
1 |
SA |
Strongly Agree |
4 |
2 |
A |
Agree |
3 |
3 |
D |
Disagree |
2 |
4 |
SD |
Strongly Disagree |
1 |
Based on the
answers from the respondents, calculations will then be carried out and
included in the score interpretation criteria, namely (Salim, 2019):
Table 2. Score Interpretation Criteria
No |
Interval |
Information |
1 |
0%-20% |
Very inappropriate |
2 |
21%-40% |
inappropriate |
3 |
41%-60% |
Quite appropriate |
4 |
61%-80% |
appropriate |
5 |
81%-100% |
Very appropriate |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Digital literacy is the ability to operate technology,
such as computers, gadgets, and other tools related to internet networks and
technological advances. In addition to having the ability, people who are
literate in digital literacy will also have the competence to be critical in
responding to various things obtained from social media (Mustofa & Budiwati,
2019) so that they are not necessarily used as guidelines
before the truth is confirmed, they can also use it to improve welfare of life
such as selling online, doing web business, and so on.
It is undeniable that the implementation of digital
literacy has various positive impacts in society, one of which is the social
behavior of the community which is referred to as the transformation of social
behavior.
The transformation of social behavior is a change in the
form, nature or character in the interaction between one person and another due
to several factors, one of which is technology. Where technology can provide
changes to several social aspects such as mindset and culture that will shape a
behavior (Mahmuddin, 2017).
Like this research, it will examine several things that
are included in the transformation of social behavior, namely mindset and
culture as well as behavior.
1. Mindset Transformation through Digital Literacy
Implementation
Before digital literacy was promoted, where many people
received information without knowing the truth, which then turned to a critical
attitude of society, it certainly made the mindset shift, from being
conservative to being more open to changing times. As the following research
results:
Table 3. Data on the Relationship
Between Mindset and Digital Literacy
No |
Statement |
Percentage |
Information |
1 |
Before implementing digital literacy, it seems
that all news or information received through the media is the truth |
65% |
appropriate |
2 |
Digital literacy increases critical thinking
power to examine a variety of information received |
75% |
appropriate |
3 |
Digital literacy opens the mind to be more
assertive with the changes that exist |
82% |
Very appropriate |
4 |
Digital literacy increases creative thinking
power in solving various problems |
78% |
appropriate |
Based on the data above, it is known that digital
literacy provides a change in the mindset that will become the basis for
carrying out various behaviors in the community as social behavior. The data states
that prior to digital literacy, the majority of respondents felt that
information received through the media even though the truth was not clear was
considered correct information. This aspect gets a percentage of 65% with
appropriate information. Meanwhile, in the aspect of digital literacy, it can
increase critical thinking power in analyzing various information received,
which has reached a percentage of 75% with the appropriate criteria. This means
that digital literacy helps people to be literate to a variety of information
and is critical in responding to it so that they are not trapped in wrong
thoughts.
While the digital literacy aspect is able to form an
assertive mind, namely a mind that is not conservative and ready for changes to
get a percentage of 82% with very suitable criteria and aspects of increasing
creative thinking power in solving a problem get a score of 78% with very
suitable criteria.
With this, it can be understood that digital literacy is
able to provide a change in mindset for the community so as to create a smart,
alert, critical and creative society in using digital media. As the results of
observations and interviews with researchers, the majority of respondents feel
that their mindset has become more open after being able to use digital
properly.
2. Cultural Transformation through the Implementation of
Digital Literacy
Culture is the study of a habit, custom that is carried
out in ethnicity, religion, or other parts that become a culture and is
preserved from generation to generation. In the aspect of digital literacy
culture, it certainly has an influence because other cultures and Indonesia are
easy to mix through internet networks. Based on the results of the study, it is
known the following data:
Table
4. Data on Cultural Transformation through Digital Literacy
No |
Statement |
Percentage |
Information |
1 |
Before getting to know digital literacy, your
culture was not known by many people. |
82% |
Very appropriate |
2 |
Digital literacy has a good influence in
improving the quality of culture such as dance. |
75% |
appropriate |
3 |
Digital literacy facilitates cultural access for
each region so that it is known throughout the world |
80% |
appropriate |
4 |
Digital literacy increases the power of
creativity in managing their own culture. |
78% |
appropriate |
5 |
Digital literacy does not prevent us from doing
worship as directed. |
82% |
Very appropriate |
The results show that the implementation of digital
literacy can change the culture in Indonesia. By changing culture, it will
affect social behavior that occurs in society. Research data shows that before
digital literacy was implemented many cultures were confined, not known by the
wider community as a result, these cultures could not develop in the presence
of global values. This aspect obtained a score of 82% with the criteria of
strongly agree. The aspect of influence in the art of dance referred to in the
questionnaire is the elements of music and dance movements, which previously
only had traditional choices, but developed into modern and even a mixture of
the two. The results of the interview stated that, even though there are modern
elements in dance such as music or movements, it still does not eliminate the
characteristics that have been contained in it, so that at first dance was
considered mediocre and was able to provide a new breakthrough to increase
competitiveness. This aspect gets a score of 75% with the appropriate criteria.
Meanwhile, in the aspect of easy access to culture, the
score is 80% with the appropriate criteria, because through digital literacy
and technology, everyone from all over the world can understand the various
cultures that exist. In the aspect of increasing the power of creativity in
managing culture, they get a score of 78% with the appropriate criteria because
through digital literacy they are able to find inspiration to increase their
cultural value in the eyes of the world.
It does not stop here, in the aspect of worship barriers,
by understanding digital literacy, you can still practice worship without
barriers as it should without any elements of intolerance. This aspect gets a
score of 82% with very suitable criteria.
Thus, it can be seen that cultural transformation has a
positive direction because the mindset has changed, so the way of looking at a
problem and looking for opportunities is even more critical so that the
initially conservative culture becomes willing to be open to changing times.
3. Transformation of social behavior through the
Implementation of Digital Literacy
Social behavior is an activity carried out in the
community. At first, many people were indifferent after holding gadgets and did
not care about their surroundings because they felt that their world was only
contained in gadgets. However, with digital literacy they become more aware of the
importance of socializing in the midst of the onslaught of sophisticated
technology. As the following data:
Table
5. Behavioral Transformation Data through Digital Literacy Implementation
No |
Statement |
Percentage |
Information |
1 |
Before being skilled in digital literacy, gadgets
were everything. |
85% |
Very appropriate |
2 |
Does not care about the various changes that
occur in the environment because they only rely on gadgets to play games
before being proficient in digital literacy. |
75% |
appropriate |
3 |
Digital literacy can improve a good way of
socializing. |
70% |
appropriate |
4 |
Always smile when meeting people to strengthen
brotherhood after mastering digital literacy. |
71% |
appropriate |
5 |
Always smile when meeting people to strengthen
brotherhood after mastering digital literacy. |
75% |
appropriate |
6 |
Don't be hasty in making a decision after
mastering digital literacy. |
78% |
appropriate |
The results showed that before digital literacy appeared,
many respondents were focused and fixated on playing gadgets so that they
thought that gadgets were everything. As a result, he has bad social behavior
and is not liked in the community. This aspect gets a score of 85% with very
suitable criteria. On another aspect, there is also a statement that
respondents do not care about the various changes that occur in their
environment, this aspect is related to the first aspect because they think that
gadgets are everything. then he gets a score of 75% with the appropriate
criteria.
It does not stop here, in the aspect after digital
literacy is encouraged to provide various changes in social behavior such as
being able to socialize well in the community with a value of 70% and the
appropriate criteria, being able to give a smile to anyone, whether friends,
enemies, or relatives to strengthen brotherhood with a value of 71 % and the
criteria are appropriate, then politeness also increases with a value of 75%
getting the appropriate criteria and the last aspect is not behaving rashly in
making a decision, so that it doesn't fall into the wrong decision with a value
of 78% getting the appropriate criteria.
With this it is known that digital literacy has a
positive influence on social behavior so that it can provide a transformation
of behavior that was previously bad to be better, from conservative to more
assertive, from reckless to being more careful, who previously did not want to
know became more caring, and so forth. With this change, of course digital and
technology can have a positive influence on people's welfare, reducing the risk
of cyberbullying and various crimes that harm others.
This is also in line with the results of observations and
interviews with respondents that they feel more assertive and able to display
the best social behavior after knowing and understanding the meaning of digital
literacy.
CONCLUSION
Indonesia is a country with a diverse society
in terms of culture, language, religion, ethnicity, or race, so it cannot be
denied that there are various differences that can be used as challenges as
well as opportunities. Through digital literacy, it is hoped that the community
will be able to increase their understanding of the various differences that
affect their mindset, culture and social behavior. This is because digital
literacy is a very close part of society, of course it can have an impact if
implemented properly.
As the results of research show that the
transformation of social behavior can be done through the implementation of
digital literacy so that the Indonesian people become more sensitive, willing
to think critically, not rashly, appreciate differences, be creative in
improving the quality of culture and so on. Changes in social behavior from not
good to good will have an impact on increasing the welfare of people's lives
because they feel peaceful, comfortable and safe living side by side in the
midst of differences and the rapid flow of globalization.
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