Combination of Intravenous Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy and Pulmonary-Targeted Inhalation of an Insulin-Stem Cell Mixture for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Under the Vinski Protocol

Authors

  • Deby Susanti Pada Vinski Celltech Stem Cell Centre Laboratory and Banking
  • Andi Ibnu Hajar Rumah Sakit Pusat Pertahanan Negara Panglima Besar Soedirman
  • Natasha Cinta Vinski Vinski Regenerative Centre

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58344/jws.v5i7.1687

Keywords:

type 2 diabetes mellitus, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, intravenous stem cell therapy, insulin-stem cell mixture, pulmonary inhalation

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a global metabolic disorder characterized by progressive insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic beta-cell function, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of systemic complications. Current therapeutic approaches primarily focus on glycemic control; however, they do not fully address the underlying regenerative and inflammatory aspects of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, preliminary clinical outcomes, and safety of a combination intervention consisting of intravenous umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) therapy and pulmonary-targeted inhalation of an insulin-stem cell mixture under the Vinski Protocol. A retrospective pilot clinical study was conducted using medical record data from 10 patients with T2DM treated at Celltech Stem Cell Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia. Clinical evaluations included changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, fasting C-peptide, medication or insulin requirements, pulmonary observations, and safety outcomes. The findings indicated that the combination approach was clinically feasible and generally well tolerated, with preliminary observations suggesting potential improvements in metabolic parameters and patient clinical status. However, interpretation of outcomes remains limited due to the small sample size, retrospective design, absence of a control group, and potential influence of concurrent diabetes management. The integration of systemic UC-MSC therapy with pulmonary-targeted adjunctive treatment represents an innovative precision regenerative strategy for T2DM management. Further prospective controlled clinical trials with larger populations are required to validate efficacy, determine optimal protocols, and establish long-term safety.

References

American Diabetes Association. (2026). Standards of care in diabetes. https://professional.diabetes.org/standards-of-care

Bessler, LR. (2023). Distributions, histograms, box plots, and alternative tools. In: LR. Bessler (Ed.), Visual data insights using SAS ODS graphics (pp. 465–502). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8609-8_12

Ercelen, N., & Karasu, N. (2022). A perspective on UC-MSC treatment in severe and critically severe Covid-19 patients. 21st Century Pathology, 2(3), Article 115. https://21stcenturypathology.com/articles/a-perspective-on-ucmsc-treatment-in-severe-and-critically-severe-covid19-patients.html

Habiba, U. E., Khan, N., Greene, D. L., Ahmad, K., Shamim, S., & Umer, A. (2024). Meta-analysis shows that mesenchymal stem cell therapy can be a possible treatment for diabetes. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 15, Article 1380443. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1380443

Kashbour, M., Abdelmalik, A., Yassin, M. N. A., Abed, M., Aldieb, E., Abdullah, D. M., Elmozugi, T., Isawi, Y., Hassan, E., & Almuzghi, F. (2025). Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 17(1), Article 189. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01619-6

Kesavadev, J., Thacker, H P., Deshpande, N., Asirvatham, A., Saboo, B., Kalra, P., Shaikh, s., Joshi, A., Chawla, M., Agarwal, S., Gopal, J., Bhograj, A., Thakkar, P. B., Iyer, R., Mahanasundaram, S., Sugumaran, A., Karuppan, A., & Nagendra, L. (2025). Inhaled insulin decoded: Dispelling myths and presenting clinical evidence. Cureus, 17(12), Article e100247. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.100247

Khateeb, J., Fuchs, E., & Khamaisi, M. (2019). Diabetes and lung disease: An underestimated relationship. The Review of Diabetic Studies, 15, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1900/RDS.2019.15.1

Li, L., He, Y., Zhao, J., Yin, H., Feng, X., Fan, X., Wu, W., & Lu, Q. (2025). Mesenchymal stromal Cell-Based therapy: A promising approach for autoimmune diseases. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, 68(1), 21.

Lohrasbi, E., Babaie, S., Hamedfar, H., Pourzeinali, S., Farshbaf-Khalili, A., & Toopchizadeh, V. (2025). Regenerative therapy in osteoarthritis using umbilical cord-origin mesenchymal stem cells: A critical appraisal of clinical safety and efficacy through systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cells International, 2025(1), Article 4261166. https://doi.org/10.1155/sci/4261166

Merlo, A., Zilio, S., Bernardim M., Catanzaro, D., Galla, L., Zocca, L., Marini, O., Piccoli, M., Tosetto, A., Qi, W., Marigo, I., Elice, F., & Astori, G. (2026). Assessment of Vedolizumab and UC-MSC interaction and therapeutic potential in acute graft-versus-host-disease. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 14, Article 1836978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2026.1836978

Min, T., & Bain, S. C. (2023). Emerging drugs for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: a review of phase 2 clinical trials. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs, 28(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2023.2188191

Nada, A. H., Ibrahim, I. A., Oteri, V., Shalabi, L., Asar, N. K., Aqeilan, S. R., & Hafez, W. (2025). Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 20(2), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2457474

Serrenho, I., Mendes, V., Caramelo, I., Cardoso, C. M. P., Manadas, B., & Baltazar, G. (2026). Quieting the Storm: Hypoxia as a Strategy to Boost UC-MSC Therapies for Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Lesions in Neonatal Rats. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 1–27.

Sharmah, B., Barman, H., Afzal, N. U., Loying, R., Kabir, M. E., Borah, A., Das, J., Kalita, J., & Manna, P. (2024). Surface-functionalized nanoceria: Dual action in diabetes management via glucose-responsive insulin delivery and oxidative stress mitigation. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 10(10, 6397–6414. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01368

Sun, J., Chen, J., Shen, Y., Yao, X., Sun, H., Chen, B., & Feng, J. (2025). Diabetes mellitus-driven pulmonary injury: multidimensional mechanisms linking metabolic dysregulation to gut-lung axis and promising therapies. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 16, Article 1689522. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1689522

Xie, S., Ye, L., Yang, A., Li, X., & Yin, Y. (2025). Efficacy of semaglutide injection in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its impact on C-peptide levels. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 57(6), 378–384. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2618-7509

Yin, L., Sun, C.-y., Chen, G.-l., Xiang, Z., Hu, B.-q., Zhou, F., & Wang, Q. (2025). Modular mastery of inflammation: umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as a therapeutic frontier. Frontiers in Immunology, 16, Article 1721947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1721947

Yu, H., Liu, J., & He, X. (2025). From glucotoxicity to lung injury: Emerging perspectives on diabetes-associated respiratory complications. Lung, 203(1), Article 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-025-00834-2

Zang, L., Li, Y., Hao. H., Liu, J., Cheng, Y., Li, B., Yin, Y., Zhang, Q., Gao, F., Wang, H., Gu, S., Li, J., Lin, F., Zhu, Y., Tian, G., Chen, Y., Gu, W., Du, J., Chen, K., … Mu, Y. (2022). Efficacy and safety of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: A single-center, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled phase II trial. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 13(1), Article 180. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-022-02848-6

Zhou, Q., Zou, L., Gao, Y., Ma, H., Guo, Y., & Zhu, G. (2025). Serum value of fasting C-peptide (FC-P), fasting insulin (FIns), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after dynamic blood glucose monitoring-guided personalised nutrition and insulin pump therapy for type II diabetes mellitus. Journal of Medical Biochemistry, 44(6), 1288–1296. https://doi.org/10.5937/jomb0-55738

Downloads

Published

2026-07-21

How to Cite

Deby Susanti Pada Vinski, Hajar, A. I. ., & Vinski, N. C. . (2026). Combination of Intravenous Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy and Pulmonary-Targeted Inhalation of an Insulin-Stem Cell Mixture for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Under the Vinski Protocol. Journal of World Science, 5(7), 653–662. https://doi.org/10.58344/jws.v5i7.1687

Most read articles by the same author(s)